ubiquitous-joint

bulk f

elastic bulk modulus, $K$

cohesion f

cohesion, $c$

dilation f

dilation angle, $\psi$. The default is 0.0.

dip f

dip angle [degrees] of weakness plane

dip-direction f

dip direction [degrees] of weakness plane

friction f

internal angle of friction, $\phi$

poisson f

Poisson’s ratio, $\nu$

shear f

elastic shear modulus, $G$

tension f

tension limit, ${\sigma}^t$. The default is 0.0.

young f

Young’s modulus, $E$

joint-cohesion f

joint cohesion, $c_j$

joint-dilation f

joint dilation angle, ${\psi}_j$. The default is 0.0.

joint-friction f

joint friction angle, ${\phi}_j$

joint-tension f

joint tension limit, ${\sigma}^t_j$. The default is 0.0.

normal v

normal direction of the weakness plane, ($n_x$, $n_y$, $n_z$)

normal-x f

x-component of the normal direction to the weakness plane, $n_x$

normal-y f

y-component of the normal direction to the weakness plane, $n_y$

normal-z f

z-component of the normal direction to the weakness plane, $n_z$

flag-brittle b

[advanced] If true, the tension limit is set to 0 in the event of tensile failure. The default is false.

Notes:

• Only one of the two options is required to define the elasticity: bulk modulus $K$ and shear modulus $G$, or, Young’s modulus $E$ and Poisson’s ratio $\nu$. When choosing the latter, Young’s modulus $E$ must be assigned in advance of Poisson’s ratio $\nu$.
• Only one of the three options is required to define the orientation of the weakness plane: dip and dip-direction; a norm vector ($n_x, n_y, n_z$); or, three norm components: $n_x$, $n_y$, and $n_z$.
• The tension cut-off is ${\sigma}^t = min({\sigma}^t, c/\tan \phi)$.
• The joint tension limit used in the model is the minimum of the input $\sigma^t$ and ${c_j}/{\tan \phi_j}$.

Footnote

Advanced properties have default values and do not require specification for simpler applications of the model.