3DEC

Welcome to the 3DEC 7.0 documentation.

Users of previous versions of 3DEC may find the page 3DEC 7 for 3DEC 5.2 Users a good place to start before delving into this version’s commands and FISH.

New users should start here: Getting Started.

Base 3DEC Commands

The main commands used by 3DEC are encapsulated on the list below. Note these are a mix of 3DEC-specific commands and commands that are also commonly used by PFC and FLAC3D.

Table 1: 3DEC Commands

c block	c history
c data	c model
c dfn	c plot
c domain	c program
c fish	c project
c flow	c sel
c geometry	c structure
c group	c table
c	c trace

See the Range Phrase Keyword Reference in the range (keyword) section for reference information on range construction.

FISH Functions

FISH functions used in 3DEC are presented below in groups. Common functions (ones also used by PFC and FLAC3D) appear on the left and 3DEC-specific functions appear on the right.

Common		3DEC-specific
c dfn	process utilities	c block
c domain	c socket	c feblock
c file	c system	c fluid flow
c geometry	c table	c sel
c global	c time
c group	user data functions
c io	value type utilities
c mail	c version
c math

• 3DEC Modeling
  • Introduction
    • Comparison with Other Methods
    • General Features
    • Optional Features
    • New Features in Version 7.0
    • Guide to 3DEC Documentation
      • User Support
  • Getting Started
    • Tutorial: Quick Start
      • Project
      • Layout
      • Creating a Model
      • Creating the Joint Sets
      • Creating the Wedge Feature
      • Boundary Conditions
      • Gravity
      • Material Properties
      • Solution
      • Plot Image Files
      • Save Initial State
      • Reduce Joint Friction and Solve
      • Cross Section
      • Conclusion
    • Mechanics of Using 3DEC
      • Projects and Files
      • Commands and FISH
      • Plotting and the Graphical User Interface
      • Nomenclature
      • Sign Conventions
      • System of Units
  • Problem Solving with 3DEC
    • Approach and Project Setup
      • Modeling on a Spectrum
      • Recommended Steps
      • Start a Project
    • Model Generation
      • Blocks, Joints, and Zones
      • Creating Single Blocks
      • Generating Block Assemblies
        • Generating Blocks from Geometry
        • Generating Blocks from VRML
        • Surface Topography and Face Extrusion
        • Voronoi Block Generation
        • Block Import/Export
      • Cutting Blocks
      • Block Generation: Densify and Octree
      • Block Quality Metrics
      • A Note on Tolerance
    • Zoning 3DEC Blocks
      • Rigid vs. Deformable
      • Zone Types
      • Generating Zones
      • Importing and Merging
    • Choice of Constitutive Model
      • Zones
        • Overview of Constitutive Models
        • Selection of an Appropriate Model
        • The Effect of Water
        • Ways to Implement Constitutive Models
      • Joints
        • Selection of an Appropriate Model
    • Material Properties
      • Zone Properties
        • Mass Density
        • Intrinsic Deformability Properties
        • Intrinsic Strength Properties
        • Post-Failure Properties
        • Extrapolation to Field-Scale Properties
        • Spatial Variation and Randomness of Property Distribution
      • Joint Properties
      • Contact Material Table
    • Boundary Conditions
      • Stress Boundary
        • Applied Stress Gradient
        • Changing Boundary Stresses
        • Checking the Boundary Condition
        • Cautions and Advice
      • Displacement Boundary
      • Real Boundaries – Choosing the Right Type
      • Artificial Boundaries
        • Symmetry Planes
        • Boundary Truncation – Location of the Far-Field Boundary
    • Initial Conditions
      • Uniform Stresses in an Unjointed Medium: No Gravity
      • Stresses with Gradients in an Unjointed Medium: Uniform Material
      • Stresses with Gradients in a Nonuniform Material
      • Compaction within a Model with Nonuniform Zoning
      • Initial Stresses following a Model Change
      • Stresses in a Jointed Medium
      • Specifying Initial Pore Pressure
      • Transferring Field Stresses to Model Stresses
    • Reaching Equilibrium
      • Convergence Criteria
        • Local Maximum Force Ratio
        • Average Force Ratio
        • Maximum Force Ratio
        • Convergence
      • Choosing Convergence Criteria
      • Evaluating Equilibrium
    • Loading and Sequential Modeling
    • Working with Geometric Data
      • Geometric Data
      • Geometry Visualization
      • Geometry Painting
      • Geometric Filtering - Geometry Range Elements
      • Geometry Data and Group Assignment
    • Working with FISH
      • Defining a FISH Function
      • Variables
      • Using FISH for Custom Calculations
      • FISH Rules, Syntax, and Statements, Illustrated
      • Lists
      • Maps, and Arrays
      • List Splitting and Filtering
      • FISH Automatic-Create
      • Further Information
    • Exporting 3DEC models
      • Exporting to FLAC3D
      • Exporting to PFC
      • Exporting to UDEC
• 3DEC Theory and Background
  • Background — the 3D Distinct Element Method
    • Aspects of Modeling a Discontinuous System
      • Computer Programs for Modeling Discontinuous Systems
      • History of the Distinct Element Method
    • Numerical Formulation of the Distinct Element Method in 3D
      • A Scheme to Detect and Represent Contacts in 3D
        • The Data Structure
        • Identification of Neighbors
        • Contact Detection
        • Interaction between Blocks
      • Mechanical Calculations for Motion and Interaction in 3D
        • Calculation Cycle
        • Sub-contact Force Update
        • Coulomb-Slip Joint Model
        • Rigid Block Motion
        • Deformable Block Motion
      • Nodal Mixed Discretization for a Tetrahedral Grid
        • Higher-Order Tetrahedral Elements
        • Mechanical Damping
        • Numerical Stability
        • Mass (Density) Scaling
        • Partial Mass Density Scaling for Dynamic Analysis
    • References
  • Constitutive Models in 3DEC
    • Block Constitutive Models
    • Zone Constitutive Models
    • Creep Material Models
    • Joint Constitutive Models
      • Elastic Joint Model
        • Properties
      • Mohr-Coulomb Joint Model
        • Example
        • Properties
      • Softening-Healing Mohr-Coulomb Joint Model
        • Example
        • Properties
        • References
      • Bilinear Mohr-Coulomb Joint Model
        • Examples
          • Peak strength test
          • Normal stress threshold tests
          • Residual strength test
          • Dilation test
        • Properties
      • Power Law Creeping Joint Model
        • Example: Direct Shear Test
        • Data Files
        • References
      • Continuously Yielding Joint Model
        • Example Applications
        • Properties
        • References
      • Nonlinear Joint Model
        • Example: Normal Loading
        • Example: Shear Loading
        • Example: Shear Loading with Non-linear Shear Stiffness
        • Properties
    • Writing New Constitutive Models
  • Structural Elements
    • Introduction
    • Rock Reinforcement
    • Local Reinforcement at Joints (sel reinforcement command)
      • Axial Behavior
      • Shear Behavior
      • Numerical Formulation
      • Estimation of Active Length
      • Local Reinforcement Properties
      • Summary of Commands Associated with Local Reinforcement Elements
      • Example Application — Reinforced Slope
    • Hybrid Bolts (sel hybrid command)
      • Geometry
      • Hybrid Bolt Properties
      • Calibration
        • Influence of Segment Length and Dowel Length
        • The Calibration Steps
        • Orientation-Dependent Shear Strength
        • Effect of Joint Friction Angle on Bolt Load Capacity
      • HTML Calibration Tool
      • Summary of Commands Associated with Hybrid Bolts
      • Example Application: Simple Shear Test
      • Example Application: Simple Pullout Test
      • Example Application: Simple Tunnel
    • Modeling Considerations
      • Material Properties
      • Symmetry Conditions
      • Equilibrium Conditions
      • Sign Convention
    • References
  • Fluid-Mechanical Interaction
    • Introduction
    • Pore Pressure and Effective Stress
      • Introduction
        • Definitions
        • Pore Pressure in 3DEC
        • A Note on Using the block water table Command
      • No Flow Example
    • Matrix Fluid Flow
      • Introduction
      • 3DEC Fluid-Mechanical Formulation – Mathematical Description
        • Conventions and Definitions
        • Governing Differential Equations
        • Balance Laws
        • Constitutive Laws
      • Numerical Formulation
        • Introduction
        • Saturated Fluid Flow
          • Finite-Difference Approximation to Space Derivatives
          • Nodal Formulation of the Mass Balance Equation
          • Explicit Finite-Difference Formulation
        • Mechanical Timestep and Numerical Stability
        • Total Stress Correction
      • Properties and Units for Fluid Flow Analysis
        • Permeability Coefficient
        • Mass Density
        • Fluid Bulk Modulus
          • Fluid Modulus and Convergence
          • Fluid Modulus for Drained and Undrained Analyses
      • Porosity
      • Fluid-Flow Boundary Conditions, Initial Conditions, Sources, and Sinks
      • Calculation Modes for Fluid-Mechanical Interaction
        • Grid Not Configured for Fluid Flow
        • Grid Configured for Fluid Flow
        • Storage, Diffusivity, and Timestep
        • Flow-Only Calculation
          • Steady State
          • Transient
        • No Flow — Mechanical Generation of Pore Pressure
        • Coupled Flow and Mechanical Calculations
          • Fully Coupled Analysis
          • Uncoupled Analysis
        • Selection of a Modeling Approach for Fully Coupled Analysis
      • Verification Examples
        • Transient Groundwater Flow in a Confined Layer
        • One-Dimensional Consolidation
    • Joint Fluid Flow
      • Introduction
      • Joint Hydraulics and Parallel Plate Model for Incompressible Flow
        • Range of Validity of Parallel Plate Model, Hydraulic Aperture, and Mechanical Aperture
      • Hydromechanically Coupled Fluid-Flow Formulation in Rock Masses
        • Effect of Pore Pressure on Deformation and Strength
        • Effect of Mechanical Deformation on Permeability
        • Effect of Deformation on Pore Pressures
      • 3DEC Joint Model
        • Constitutive Model and Relevant Properties
        • Degree of Saturation
        • Fluid Timestep Size and Numerical Stability
      • Calculation Modes and Commands for Fluid-Flow Analysis
        • Fluid-Only Analysis
        • One-Way Coupling
        • Undrained
        • Fully Coupled Hydromechanical Simulation
          • Definition of Fluid Properties
          • Solving for Initial State
          • Running the Coupled Solution
          • Example
          • Fast Flow
      • Leak-off
      • Considerations for Model Optimization
      • Representation of a Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) for Fluid Flow Simulations
      • Geometrical and Topological Model of a Fractured Rock Mass
        • Introduction
        • 3DEC Geometrical Entities
          • Fluid Flow Data Structure
          • Accessing Flow Plane Data
          • Links between the Solid and Flow Models
          • Generation of Geometry of the Flow Model
      • Gas Flow
        • Implementation
        • Example
      • Fluid Discharge and Velocity
      • References
    • Proppant
      • Introduction
      • Logic Overview
      • Basic Equations
        • Proppant Convection
        • Slurry Viscosity
      • Numerical Implementation
        • Transport with No Aperture Change
          • Transient Term
          • Advection Term
      • Mechanical Coupling
        • Aperture Change with No Transport
        • Load Carried by the Proppant Pack
        • Bridging
        • Proppant Convection
        • Condition at an Intersection Between Flow Planes
        • Timestep for Stability
        • Boundary and Initial Conditions
      • Examples
        • Planar Flow
        • Injection
        • Bridging
        • Proppant Settlement
    • Fluid Flow Properties and Units
  • Factor-of-Safety Calculation
  • Energy Calculation
    • Introduction
    • Energy Balance
    • Calculation of Individual Energy Components
      • Total Boundary Loading Work (\(W\))
      • Potential Energy (\(U_b\))
      • Kinetic Energy (\(U_k\))
      • Damped Energy (\(W_k\))
      • Strain Energy Stored in the Rock Mass (\(U_c\))
        • Block-Stored Strain Energy (\(U_{cb}\))
        • Joint Strain Energy (\(U_{cj}\))
        • Strain Energy Content of Excavated Material (\(U_m\))
        • Friction Work Done on Joints (\(W_j\))
      • Viscous Boundary Work (\(W_v\))
      • Energy Dissipation in Blocks through Plastic Work (\(W_p\))
        • Energy Dissipated in Backfill Compression
        • Volume of Excavated Material (\(V_m\))
        • Method of Operation in 3DEC
        • Example: Excavation of a Circular Hole
    • References
  • Isolated Block Stability Method
    • Introduction
    • Description of the Method
      • Approach
      • Equations
        • Block Equilibrium
        • Block Movement as a Rigid Body
        • Joint Constitutive Equations
        • Linear System
      • Stability evaluation
    • Example Applications
      • Single Block Stability
      • Parametric Study on Block Stability and Comparison to 3DEC Rigid Blocks
      • Tunnel with Multiple Blocks
    • References
  • Structural Finite Elements
    • Element Formulation
      • Notation Conventions
      • Geometry Mapping
      • Displacements and Strains
      • Stresses and Nodal Forces
      • Gravity Forces
      • Concentrated Forces
    • Element Implementation in 3DEC
    • Contact Forces
    • Application of Boundary Loads and Velocities
    • Solution Algorithm
    • Generation and Use of FE Blocks
    • Shape Functions and Derivatives
    • Commands and Keywords for Finite Element Blocks
    • Verification: Cantilever Beam
    • Example: Tunnel Liner
    • Example of Creating a Finite Element Base Model of a Dam in 3DEC
  • References
• 3DEC Commands and FISH
  • Block
    • Commands
      • block commands
        • block analyze-stability command
        • block apply command
        • block apply-remove command
        • block cells command
        • block copy command
        • block create command
        • block cut command
        • block delete command
        • block densify command
        • block dynamic command
        • block excavate command
        • block export command
        • block fill command
        • block finite-element command
        • block fix command
        • block fluid command
        • block fragment command
        • block free command
        • block generate command
        • block group command
        • block hide command
        • block history command
        • block import command
        • block initialize command
        • block insitu command
        • block join command
        • block joint-plane command
        • block list command
        • block makewall command
        • block mechanical command
        • block merge-finish command
        • block merge-start command
        • block property command
        • block skip-join-update command
        • block thermal command
        • block to-flac3d command
        • block to-pfc command
        • block to-udec command
        • block tolerance command
        • block trace command
        • block update command
        • block vtk command
        • block water command
      • block contact commands
        • block contact apply command
        • block contact area-minimum command
        • block contact compute command
        • block contact delete-open command
        • block contact generate-subcontacts command
        • block contact group command
        • block contact group-subcontact command
        • block contact history command
        • block contact jmodel command
        • block contact join command
        • block contact list command
        • block contact local-stiffness command
        • block contact material-table command
        • block contact property command
        • block contact property-distribution command
        • block contact record-shear command
        • block contact reset command
        • block contact tolerance command
      • block face commands
        • block face apply command
        • block face apply-remove command
        • block face group command
        • block face list command
        • block face triangulate command
      • block gridpoint commands
        • block gridpoint apply command
        • block gridpoint apply-remove command
        • block gridpoint group command
        • block gridpoint initialize command
        • block gridpoint list command
        • block gridpoint trace command
      • block zone commands
        • block zone cmodel command
        • block zone fluid command
        • block zone generate command
        • block zone generate-new command
        • block zone group command
        • block zone initialize command
        • block zone list command
        • block zone nodal-mixed-discretization command
        • block zone property command
        • block zone property-distribution command
        • block zone size command
        • block zone thermal command
        • block zone volume-minimum-delete command
      • fblock commands
        • fblock delete command
        • fblock group command
        • fblock list command
    • FISH Functions
      • block functions
        • block.area
        • block.atol
        • block.btol
        • block.contactlist
        • block.convergence
        • block.ctol
        • block.damp.alpha
        • block.damp.beta
        • block.damp.global
        • block.damp.local
        • block.density
        • block.disp
        • block.dsf
        • block.dt.fraction
        • block.dtol
        • block.eigen
        • block.etol
        • block.excavated
        • block.extra
        • block.facelist
        • block.feb.elementlist
        • block.feb.facelist
        • block.find
        • block.fix
        • block.fluid.bulk
        • block.fluid.cohesion
        • block.fluid.density
        • block.fluid.htc
        • block.fluid.specheat
        • block.fluid.thermcond
        • block.fluid.viscosity
        • block.fluid.vol.unbal.av
        • block.fluid.vol.unbal.max
        • block.force.app
        • block.force.unbal
        • block.freefield
        • block.fromindex
        • block.gas.alpha
        • block.gas.bulkmin
        • block.gas.constant
        • block.gas.densmin
        • block.gplist
        • block.group
        • block.group.remove
        • block.head
        • block.hidden
        • block.id
        • block.index
        • block.inside
        • block.isgroup
        • block.list
        • block.mass
        • block.master
        • block.mech.ratio
        • block.mech.ratio.avg
        • block.mech.ratio.max
        • block.moi
        • block.moitensor
        • block.moment
        • block.ms
        • block.msnext
        • block.near
        • block.next
        • block.num
        • block.pos
        • block.proppant.conclimit
        • block.proppant.density
        • block.proppant.grainsize
        • block.proppant.grainsize.factor
        • block.proppant.modulus
        • block.proppant.perm
        • block.proppant.perm.factor
        • block.region
        • block.rigid
        • block.rvel
        • block.thermal.conductivity
        • block.thermal.diffusivity
        • block.thermal.grid.n12
        • block.thermal.grid.n23
        • block.thermal.grid.num
        • block.thermal.grid.point
        • block.thermal.grid.source
        • block.thermal.grid.strength
        • block.thermal.grid.tstart
        • block.thermal.line.n12
        • block.thermal.line.num
        • block.thermal.line.point
        • block.thermal.line.source
        • block.thermal.line.strength
        • block.thermal.line.tstart
        • block.thermal.point
        • block.thermal.point.num
        • block.thermal.point.source
        • block.thermal.point.strength
        • block.thermal.point.tstart
        • block.thermal.source.components
        • block.thermal.decay.fraction
        • block.thermal.source.fraction
        • block.thermal.source.num
        • block.unbal
        • block.vel
        • block.vol
        • block.wall
        • block.zonelist
      • block.contact functions
        • block.contact.b1
        • block.contact.b2
        • block.contact.dfnid
        • block.contact.energy.fric
        • block.contact.energy.strain.comp
        • block.contact.energy.strain.shear
        • block.contact.energy.strain.tensile
        • block.contact.energy.strain.total
        • block.contact.excavated
        • block.contact.extra
        • block.contact.fb1
        • block.contact.fb2
        • block.contact.fid
        • block.contact.find
        • block.contact.flowplane
        • block.contact.fromindex
        • block.contact.group
        • block.contact.group.remove
        • block.contact.head
        • block.contact.hidden
        • block.contact.id
        • block.contact.index
        • block.contact.isgroup
        • block.contact.jset
        • block.contact.list
        • block.contact.near
        • block.contact.next
        • block.contact.normal
        • block.contact.num
        • block.contact.pos
        • block.contact.subcontactlist
        • block.contact.type
      • block.subcontact functions
        • block.subcontact.apini
        • block.subcontact.area
        • block.subcontact.b1
        • block.subcontact.b2
        • block.subcontact.contact
        • block.subcontact.dfnid
        • block.subcontact.disp.norm
        • block.subcontact.disp.shear
        • block.subcontact.disp.shear.max
        • block.subcontact.edgegp
        • block.subcontact.energy
        • block.subcontact.energy.total
        • block.subcontact.excavated
        • block.subcontact.extra
        • block.subcontact.face
        • block.subcontact.fid
        • block.subcontact.find
        • block.subcontact.flowplane.vertex
        • block.subcontact.flowplane.zone
        • block.subcontact.force.norm
        • block.subcontact.force.pp
        • block.subcontact.force.shear
        • block.subcontact.fromindex
        • block.subcontact.gp
        • block.subcontact.group
        • block.subcontact.group.remove
        • block.subcontact.hidden
        • block.subcontact.id
        • block.subcontact.index
        • block.subcontact.isgroup
        • block.subcontact.list
        • block.subcontact.model
        • block.subcontact.near
        • block.subcontact.near.list
        • block.subcontact.next
        • block.subcontact.num
        • block.subcontact.partner
        • block.subcontact.pos
        • block.subcontact.pp
        • block.subcontact.prop
        • block.subcontact.sratio
        • block.subcontact.state
        • block.subcontact.state.string
        • block.subcontact.stress.norm
        • block.subcontact.stress.shear
        • block.subcontact.type
        • block.subcontact.vel.shear
      • block.face functions
        • block.face.area
        • block.face.bface
        • block.face.excavated
        • block.face.extra
        • block.face.fblock
        • block.face.fid
        • block.face.find
        • block.face.flowplane
        • block.face.fos.kinematic
        • block.face.fromindex
        • block.face.gp
        • block.face.gplist
        • block.face.group
        • block.face.group.remove
        • block.face.hidden
        • block.face.hostblock
        • block.face.id
        • block.face.index
        • block.face.isgroup
        • block.face.jset
        • block.face.list
        • block.face.next
        • block.face.ngp
        • block.face.normal
        • block.face.original
        • block.face.planar
        • block.face.pos
        • block.face.sreg
        • block.face.zone
      • block.gp functions
        • block.gp.convergence
        • block.gp.bc
        • block.gp.bc.norm
        • block.gp.bc.x
        • block.gp.bc.y
        • block.gp.bc.z
        • block.gp.disp
        • block.gp.dsf
        • block.gp.extra
        • block.gp.fblock
        • block.gp.find
        • block.gp.flowknot
        • block.gp.flux
        • block.gp.flux.app
        • block.gp.force.app
        • block.gp.force.reaction
        • block.gp.force.unbal
          • Component Access
        • block.gp.fromindex
        • block.gp.gplinks
        • block.gp.group
        • block.gp.group.remove
        • block.gp.hostblock
        • block.gp.id
        • block.gp.index
        • block.gp.isgroup
        • block.gp.linkzones
        • block.gp.list
        • block.gp.mass
        • block.gp.mass.dynamic
        • block.gp.mass.thermal
        • block.gp.near
        • block.gp.near.list
        • block.gp.next
        • block.gp.num
        • block.gp.pos
        • block.gp.pp
        • block.gp.ratio
        • block.gp.ratio.target
        • block.gp.stiffness
        • block.gp.temp
        • block.gp.vel
        • block.gp.vel.app
      • block.zone functions
        • block.zone.condition
        • block.zone.containing
        • block.zone.discharge
        • block.zone.dt.fraction
        • block.zone.excavated
        • block.zone.extra
        • block.zone.face.area
        • block.zone.face.gp
        • block.zone.face.normal
        • block.zone.face.pos
        • block.zone.find
        • block.zone.fromindex
        • block.zone.geo_metric
        • block.zone.gp
        • block.zone.group
        • block.zone.group.remove
        • block.zone.hidden
        • block.zone.hostblock
        • block.zone.isgroup
        • block.zone.join
        • block.zone.list
        • block.zone.mass
        • block.zone.model
        • block.zone.near
        • block.zone.next
        • block.zone.nmd
        • block.zone.num
        • block.zone.plane.traction
        • block.zone.pos
        • block.zone.pp
        • block.zone.prop
        • block.zone.prop.thermal
        • block.zone.strain.rotation.inc
        • block.zone.strain.rotation.rate
        • block.zone.state
        • block.zone.strain.inc
        • block.zone.strain.rate
        • block.zone.strain.shear.inc
        • block.zone.strain.shear.rate
        • block.zone.strain.total
        • block.zone.strain.vol.inc
        • block.zone.strain.vol.rate
        • block.zone.stress
        • block.zone.stress.effective
        • block.zone.stress.int
        • block.zone.stress.max
        • block.zone.stress.min
        • block.zone.stress.prin
        • block.zone.stress.prin.dir
        • block.zone.vol
      • block.fragment functions
        • block.fragment.aspect
        • block.fragment.blocks
        • block.fragment.id
        • block.fragment.list
        • block.fragment.volume
      • block.field functions
        • block.field.component
        • block.field.effective
        • block.field.extra
        • block.field.get
        • block.field.get.gp
        • block.field.hide.exc
        • block.field.index
        • block.field.init
        • block.field.method.index
        • block.field.method.name
        • block.field.name
        • block.field.power
        • block.field.prop
        • block.field.quantity
        • block.field.radius.ratio
        • block.field.reset
        • block.field.source
        • block.field.tol
      • fblock functions
        • fblock.contact
        • fblock.excavated
        • fblock.face
        • fblock.find
        • fblock.fromindex
        • fblock.gplist
        • fblock.group
        • fblock.isgroup
        • fblock.group.remove
        • fblock.head
        • fblock.hidden
        • fblock.hostblock
        • fblock.hostface
        • fblock.index
        • fblock.list
        • fblock.next
        • fblock.pos
  • FEBlock
    • Commands
      • feblock commands
        • feblock generate command
        • feblock gravity command
        • feblock list command
    • FISH Functions
      • feblock functions
        • feblock.adjacent
        • feblock.block
        • feblock.gauss.pos
        • feblock.gauss.state
        • feblock.gauss.stress
        • feblock.gplist
        • feblock.group
        • feblock.group.remove
        • feblock.index
        • feblock.isgroup
        • feblock.material
        • feblock.next
        • feblock.pos
        • feblock.type
      • feblock.face functions
        • feblock.face.group
        • feblock.face.group.remove
        • feblock.face.hostblock
        • feblock.face.index
        • feblock.face.isgroup
        • feblock.face.next
        • feblock.face.normal
        • feblock.face.number
        • feblock.face.pos
  • Flow
    • Commands
      • flowknot commands
        • flowknot apply command
        • flowknot apply-remove command
        • flowknot fix command
        • flowknot free command
        • flowknot group command
        • flowknot hide command
        • flowknot history command
        • flowknot initialize command
        • flowknot list command
        • flowknot property command
        • flowknot volume-minimum command
      • flowplane commands
        • flowplane active command
        • flowplane area-minimum command
        • flowplane group command
        • flowplane hide command
        • flowplane list command
        • flowplane property command
      • flowplane edge commands
        • flowplane edge apply command
        • flowplane edge apply-remove command
        • flowplane edge list command
      • flowplane vertex commands
        • flowplane vertex group command
        • flowplane vertex history command
        • flowplane vertex initialize command
        • flowplane vertex list command
        • flowplane vertex property command
      • flowplane zone commands
        • flowplane zone area-minimum command
        • flowplane zone edge-minimum command
        • flowplane zone group command
        • flowplane zone list command
    • FISH Functions
      • flowknot functions
        • flowknot.area
        • flowknot.bulk
        • flowknot.extra
        • flowknot.find
        • flowknot.fix.fluid
        • flowknot.fix.proppant
        • flowknot.fix.thermal
        • flowknot.flux.fluid.app
        • flowknot.flux.thermal
        • flowknot.flux.thermal.app
        • flowknot.flux.thermal.unbal
        • flowknot.fromindex
        • flowknot.group
        • flowknot.group.remove
        • flowknot.head
        • flowknot.htc
        • flowknot.id
        • flowknot.index
        • flowknot.isgroup
        • flowknot.list
        • flowknot.near
        • flowknot.next
        • flowknot.pos
        • flowknot.pp
        • flowknot.propin.mass
        • flowknot.propin.vol
        • flowknot.stiffness
        • flowknot.temp
        • flowknot.timestep
        • flowknot.trans
        • flowknot.vol
        • flowknot.vol.unbal
        • flowknot.vol.unbal.max
      • flowplane functions
        • flowplane.area
        • flowplane.contact
        • flowplane.extra
        • flowplane.find
        • flowplane.fromindex
        • flowplane.group
        • flowplane.group.remove
        • flowplane.head
        • flowplane.id
        • flowplane.index
        • flowplane.isgroup
        • flowplane.list
        • flowplane.local1
        • flowplane.local2
        • flowplane.next
        • flowplane.pos
        • flowplane.prop
        • flowplane.vertexlist
        • flowplane.zonelist
      • flowplane.vertex functions
        • flowplane.vertex.aperture.hydraulic
        • flowplane.vertex.aperture.mech
        • flowplane.vertex.area
        • flowplane.vertex.extra
        • flowplane.vertex.find
        • flowplane.vertex.flowplane
        • flowplane.vertex.fromindex
        • flowplane.vertex.group
        • flowplane.vertex.group.remove
        • flowplane.vertex.id
        • flowplane.vertex.index
        • flowplane.vertex.isgroup
        • flowplane.vertex.knot
        • flowplane.vertex.list
        • flowplane.vertex.local1
        • flowplane.vertex.local2
        • flowplane.vertex.next
        • flowplane.vertex.pos
        • flowplane.vertex.property
        • flowplane.vertex.proppant.mconc
        • flowplane.vertex.proppant.thick
        • flowplane.vertex.proppant.vconc
        • flowplane.vertex.subcontact1
        • flowplane.vertex.subcontact2
        • flowplane.vertex.visc
        • flowplane.vertex.weight1
        • flowplane.vertex.weight2
      • flowplane.zone functions
        • flowplane.zone.area
        • flowplane.zone.discharge
        • flowplane.zone.extra
        • flowplane.zone.find
        • flowplane.zone.flowplane
        • flowplane.zone.fromindex
        • flowplane.zone.group
        • flowplane.zone.group.remove
        • flowplane.zone.id
        • flowplane.zone.index
        • flowplane.zone.isgroup
        • flowplane.zone.list
        • flowplane.zone.next
        • flowplane.zone.pos
        • flowplane.zone.velocity
        • flowplane.zone.vertex
  • SEL (Structural Element)
    • Commands
      • sel hybrid commands
        • sel hybrid change command
        • sel hybrid create command
        • sel hybrid delete command
        • sel hybrid group command
        • sel hybrid history command
        • sel hybrid list command
        • sel hybrid node command
        • sel hybrid property command
        • sel hybrid update command
      • sel node commands
        • sel node group command
        • sel node mass-multiplier command
        • sel node property command
      • sel reinforcement commands
        • sel reinforcement create command
        • sel reinforcement group command
        • sel reinforcement history command
        • sel reinforcement list command
        • sel reinforcement property command
    • FISH Functions
      • sel.hybrid functions
        • sel.hybrid.area
        • sel.hybrid.collection
        • sel.hybrid.dir
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.dis
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.force
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.group
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.group.remove
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.isgroup
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.length
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.norm
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.pos
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.sfactor
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.state
        • sel.hybrid.dowel.strain
        • sel.hybrid.dowellist
        • sel.hybrid.extra
        • sel.hybrid.find
        • sel.hybrid.force.axial
        • sel.hybrid.force.thermal
        • sel.hybrid.fromindex
        • sel.hybrid.group
        • sel.hybrid.group.remove
        • sel.hybrid.grout.cohesion
        • sel.hybrid.grout.friction
        • sel.hybrid.grout.perimeter
        • sel.hybrid.grout.stiffness
        • sel.hybrid.head
        • sel.hybrid.id
        • sel.hybrid.index
        • sel.hybrid.isgroup
        • sel.hybrid.length
        • sel.hybrid.list
        • sel.hybrid.material
        • sel.hybrid.material.num
        • sel.hybrid.next
        • sel.hybrid.node
        • sel.hybrid.pos
        • sel.hybrid.rupture.tension
        • sel.hybrid.state
        • sel.hybrid.strain.axial
        • sel.hybrid.stress.axial
        • sel.hybrid.yield.compression
        • sel.hybrid.yield.tension
        • sel.hybrid.young
      • sel.node functions
        • sel.node.along
        • sel.node.attach
        • sel.node.bond
        • sel.node.collection
        • sel.node.dis
        • sel.node.extra
        • sel.node.find
        • sel.node.fix
        • sel.node.force
        • sel.node.force.app
        • sel.node.force.shear
        • sel.node.fromindex
        • sel.node.group
        • sel.node.group.remove
        • sel.node.head
        • sel.node.id
        • sel.node.index
        • sel.node.isgroup
        • sel.node.length
        • sel.node.list
        • sel.node.mass
        • sel.node.material
        • sel.node.matnum
        • sel.node.near
        • sel.node.next
        • sel.node.pos
        • sel.node.vel
      • sel.reinforcement functions
        • sel.reinforcement.b1
        • sel.reinforcement.b2
        • sel.reinforcement.collection
        • sel.reinforcement.dir
        • sel.reinforcement.disp.axial
        • sel.reinforcement.disp.shear
        • sel.reinforcement.extra
        • sel.reinforcement.face1
        • sel.reinforcement.face2
        • sel.reinforcement.find
        • sel.reinforcement.force.axial
        • sel.reinforcement.force.shear
        • sel.reinforcement.fromindex
        • sel.reinforcement.group
        • sel.reinforcement.group.remove
        • sel.reinforcement.halflength
        • sel.reinforcement.id
        • sel.reinforcement.index
        • sel.reinforcement.isgroup
        • sel.reinforcement.list
        • sel.reinforcement.material.num
        • sel.reinforcement.next
        • sel.reinforcement.pos
        • sel.reinforcement.rupture.shear
        • sel.reinforcement.rupture.tension
        • sel.reinforcement.state
        • sel.reinforcement.stiffness.axial
        • sel.reinforcement.stiffness.shear
        • sel.reinforcement.strain.axial
        • sel.reinforcement.strain.shear
        • sel.reinforcement.yield.shear
        • sel.reinforcement.yield.tension
• Options
  • Thermal Option
    • Numerical Thermal Formulation
      • Introduction
      • Heat Conduction
        • Introduction
        • Mathematical Model Description
        • Numerical Formulation
        • Solving Thermal-Only and Thermal-Mechanical Problems
      • Heat Convection
        • Introduction
        • Mathematical Model Description
        • Numerical Formulation
        • Stability and Accuracy
        • Solving Thermal Convection Problems
      • Input Instructions for Thermal Analysis
        • 3DEC Commands
      • Systems of Units for Thermal Analysis
      • Verification Examples
        • Conduction in a Plane Sheet
        • Heating of a Hollow Cylinder
        • Infinite Line Heat Source in an Infinite Medium
        • One-Dimensional Thermal Transport by Conduction and Convection
      • Application Examples
        • Thermal Convection in a Fracture at Depth
    • Analytical Thermal Formulation
      • Introduction
      • Theory
        • The Temperature Due to a Distribution of Heat Sources
        • Boundary Conditions
        • Thermally Induced Stress Changes
      • Application in 3DEC
      • Input Commands
      • Verification
        • A Single Non-decaying Point Heat Source
        • Superposition of Several Non-decaying Sources
        • Lines and Grids of Sources
        • Decaying Sources
        • Thermomechanical Effects
      • An Example Problem – Waste Repository Drift Model
    • References
  • Dynamic Analysis
    • Damping
      • Rayleigh Damping
      • Example of Different Damping Techniques
      • Guidelines for Selecting Rayleigh Damping Parameters for Dynamic Analysis
        • Maxwell Damping
          • Formulation
      • Standard Linear Solid
      • Full Maxwell Damping Scheme
      • User Inputs and Maxwell Component Properties
      • Explicit Algorithm
      • Implicit Algorithm
      • Verification Problem
        • Verification problem: Maxwell damping in 3DEC
          • Rigid Blocks
          • Deformable Block
          • Deformable Blocks with Joints
    • Natural Modes of Oscillation
      • Example Problems (from Cundall et al. (1979), pp. 71-73)
    • Wave Transmission
    • Partial Density Scaling for Dynamic Analysis
      • Example of Partial Density Scaling
    • Boundary Conditions
      • Nonreflecting Boundaries
      • Free-Field Boundaries
        • Example Using Dynamic Free Field
    • Application of Dynamic Input
      • Baseline Correction of Input Histories
    • Calculation of Natural Frequencies and Modes of Vibration
      • Rigid Block Example
      • Deformable Block Example
    • Verification Examples
      • Slip on a Joint Induced by a Propagating Harmonic Shear Wave
        • Problem Statement
        • Analytic Solution
        • Material Properties
        • Dynamic Loading
        • Results
      • Line Source in an Infinite Elastic Medium with a Discontinuity
        • Problem Statement
        • Analytic Solution
        • Model Setup
        • Properties of Joints and Continuous Medium
        • Dynamic Loading
        • Results
      • References
  • C++ Option
    • Writing New Joint Constitutive Models
      • Methodology
        • Base Class for Joint Constitutive Models
        • Member Functions
        • Registration of Models
        • Information Passed between Model and Program during Cycling
        • State Indicators of Subcontacts
      • Implementation
        • Utility Structures
        • Example Constitutive Model
          • initialize() and run() functions
        • FISH Support for Constitutive Models
        • Creating User-Written Model DLLs
          • Using the Template
        • Loading and Running User-Written Model DLLs
    • Programmer’s Interface
• Examples
  • Verification Problems & Example Applications
    • Sliding Wedge
    • Falling Wedge
    • Block with a Slipping Crack under Cyclic Loading
    • Cylindrical Hole in an Infinite Elastic Medium
    • Cylindrical Hole in an Infinite Mohr-Coulomb Medium
    • Rough Square Footing on a Cohesive Frictionless Material
    • Stability of an Open Pit in a Jointed Rock Mass
    • Assessment of Fault Slip Potential from Sill Pillar Mining
    • Highway Loading of an Arch Bridge
    • Hydraulic Fracture
    • Hydraulic Fracture with DFN
    • Excavation in a Saturated Soil
    • Flying Buttress
    • Flemish Wall
    • Discrete Fracture Network (Advanced)
    • Finite Element Dam
    • Open Pit with Face Blocks
    • Open Pit with Octree Blocking
      • Geometries
      • Zoning and Properites
      • Initial and Boundary Conditions
      • Excavation
      • Painting
    • Sliding and Toppling Blocks
    • Supported Tunnel
    • UCS Test with Fragmentation
    • UCS Test with Voronoi Blocks
    • Rockmass Integration
    • Lined Circular Tunnel in an Elastic Medium with Anisotropic Stresses
    • Tutorial: Braced Support of a Vertical Excavation
    • Example: Ring Support of a Jointed Tunnel
    • Cable-Reinforced Beam
    • Example: Pull-Test for a Grouted Cable Anchor
    • Advancing Lined Tunnel (Slip at Liner-Soil Interface)
    • Demonstration of Large-Strain Sliding
    • Simple Test of Liner-Block Interface Behavior
    • Liner-Reinforced Beam
    • Structural Liner in Jointed Tunnel
    • Example: Shear and tension test for rockbolt crossing a joint
      • Simple Shear Test
      • Simple Tension Test
• Index: 3DEC Commands
• Index: 3DEC FISH
• 3DEC 7.0 for 5.2 Users
  • Command and FISH Syntax
  • Materials
  • Large Strain
  • FISH
  • New Features in Version 7.0
    • Commands and Scripting
    • Plotting and User Interface
    • Model Building
    • Hybrid Bolts
    • Miscellaneous
  • Conversion of 5.2 and older Data Files

Command and FISH Maps

See the following to convert from Version 5.2 to Version 7.0:

• 3DEC 5.2 to 7.0 Commands Map
• 3DEC 5.2 to 7.0 FISH Map